■ including

通常，作为及物动词的现在分词，including 后面（直接宾语）应该是个名词成分。但是实际上它后面可以接上非名词成分。

• In recent years, including during my recent elk hunting trip to Colorado, it has become increasingly clear to me that I get dumber and dumber as my hair gets whiter and whiter.近年来，包括不久以前我一次去科罗拉多猎鹿之行期间，我一直越来越清楚地感觉到，随着我的头发越来越白，我这个人也变得越来越迟钝了。