| 释义 |
Nesite|ˈnɛsaɪt|
Also Nesian, Nesitic.
[f. Hittite našili, nešumnili, f. Nešaš name of an ancient Hittite city in Asia Minor (identified by B. Hrozný 1929, in Archiv orientální (Prague) I. 273–99) + -ite1.]
a. A name given to the official language used in Hittite documents, suggested as an alternative to Kanesian.
b. A member of the Hittite people who used this language.
The meaning of našili and nešumnili in Hittite texts has been disputed, but the view of Hrozný (above, and 1931, in Journal Asiatique CCXVIII. 318–19) is now generally accepted, that the words relate to the former Hittite capital Nešaš (or Nesa) and designate the Indo-European Hittite aristocracy and its language (see also quot. 1954).
[1920A. H. Sayce in Jrnl. Royal Asiatic Soc. 605 Literary Hittite is once called ‘Luvian’, Lûi-li, ‘in Luvian’, taking the place of the more usual nâsi-li. 1921M. Bloomfield in Jrnl. Amer. Oriental Soc. XLI. 197 The supposedly I. E. Hittite [in the Boghazköi inscriptions] seems, according to both authors [sc. Forrer and Hrozný], to be well entitled to the name Kanesian, named after the city of Kaneš. But this latter designation is never indicated by an ethnical adjective... Instead there occurs, more frequently than the mention of Kaneš, the ethnical designation Nāšili, which Forrer takes to be the same as Kanesian. 1929B. Hrozný in Archiv orientální (Prague) I. 296 Les Nêsites sont donc en effet les fondateurs du grand empire hittite... La langue hittite doit donc être nommée..la langue nésite. ]1933E. H. Sturtevant Compar. Gram. Hittite Lang. i. 28 Hrozný..may be correct in thinking that the word Nesumnili..refers to official Hittite and therefore in calling the latter Nesite. 1949F. O. Stein tr. L. Matouš's Bedřich Hrozný 26 Later, in a paper published in Volume I of ‘Archiv orientální’ (Oriental Archives).., Hrozný shewed that the Indo-European Hittites originally called themselves Nesites, from their ancient city Neshash, and that therefore their language should more correctly be called Nesitic, and not Hittite, as had always been taken for granted. 1954O. R. Gurney Hittites (ed. 2) 122 While Hrozný adopted the name ‘Nésite’ (i.e., the language of the city Nesa), Forrer preferred ‘Kanisisch’ (i.e., the language of Kanesh). It is now generally agreed that ‘Nésite’ or ‘Nesian’ (derived from the Hittite adverb našili or nešumnili) is indeed the true name of the language. 1959Chambers's Encycl. VII. 155/1 The language..was seen to be mainly Indo-European in structure and vocabulary. In the Hittite texts it is sometimes called the speech of Nesas, and has therefore been termed Nesite. 1964G. Roux Ancient Iraq xiv. 191 The Luwians..settled to the west of Cilicia, along the coast,..and the so-called Nesites in Cappadocia... Centuries later, those Nesite-speaking invaders conquered the centre of the Anatolian plateau. 1972W. B. Lockwood Panorama Indo-Europ. Lang. xiv. 262 The terms used are nasili (or nisili) and nesumnili meaning respectively ‘in the language of Nesa’ and ‘in the language of those of Nesa’, and Hittite has since occasionally been called Nesite. |
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