| 释义 |
▪ I. ˈoverdraw, n.
[f. next.]
1. An act of overdrawing; an excessive draft or demand.
1873H. Spencer Stud. Sociol. viii. (1874) 197 There is such an overdraw on the energies of the industrial population [of France] that a large share of heavy labour is thrown on the women.
2. (In full overdraw check.) = overcheck rein. U.S.
1902A. D. McFaul Ike Glidden xvi. 122 He was prancin'..until he got him hitched inter this new bitin' gear an' overdraw. 1905Springfield (Mass.) Weekly Republ. 8 Sept. 5 Much has been accomplished to abolish the pernicious practice of docking horses, but it is just as important that the abuse of the overdraw check should be corrected.
▪ II. overdraw, v.|əʊvəˈdrɔː, ˌəʊvəˈdrɔː|
Forms: see draw v.
[over- 10, 4, 11, 27.]
I.
†1.
a. trans. To draw over or across. (Separable comb.) Obs.
1375Barbour Bruce xv. 286 In-till a litill spass, Thar flot all weill our drawyn wass. c1400Sowdone Bab. 2183 Cheynes he didde ouer drawe That noo man passe myght.
b. To draw off into another vessel. Obs.
1703Art & Myst. Vintners 34 Overdraw the Hogshead of Wine some five or six Gallons. Ibid. 56 If the Claret be not sound and good, overdraw it 3 or 4 gallons, then replenish the Vessel with as much good Wine Red.
†2. intr. To draw or move over or across; to pass over or away. Obs.
c1400Destr. Troy 673 Sone the day ouerdroghe & the derke entrid. Ibid. 7630 When the derke ouerdrogh, & þe dym voidet, The stourme wex still, stablit the course. a1415Lydg. Temple of Glas 610 Alas! when shal þis tempest ouerdrawe, To clere þe skies of myn aduersite.
†3. trans. To draw over or induce to some course: see draw v. 26, 28. Obs.
1603Florio Montaigne i. xlvii. (1632) 155 A higher power forsooth us over-drawes, And mortall states guides with immortall lawes.
II.
4. Banking. To draw money in excess of the amount which stands to one's credit, or is at one's disposal. Const. To overdraw one's account (allowance, salary, etc.); formerly, one's banker; also absol., to make an overdraft.
1734Berkeley Let. to Prior 30 Apr., Wks. 1871 IV. 227, I hope Skipton's first payment hath been made,..otherwise I have overdrawn. c1766Cowper Let. to J. Hill Wks. 1837 XV. 11, I am sorry my finances are not only exhausted, but over-drawn. 1798Geraldina I. 195 He was my banker,..and used to give me a lecture whenever I overdrew him. 1848Thackeray Van. Fair xliv, How the bankers and agents were overdrawn. 1878Jevons Prim. Pol. Econ. xiii. 113 One of the simplest ways of lending money is to allow customers to overdraw their accounts. 1890‘R. Boldrewood’ Col. Reformer (1891) 263 Don't overdraw..more than you can help.
5. To draw too far; to strain.
1889Electrical Rev. XXV. 574/2 Mr. A. has..overdrawn the bow in endeavouring to make out [etc.].
6. To exaggerate or overdo in drawing, depicting, or describing.
a1817Jane Austen Northang. Abb. (1818) II. vii. 140 Characters, which Mr Allen had been used to call unnatural and overdrawn. 1844E. E. Napier Wild Sports Europe, etc. I. 204 Are not all these yarns about India rather overdrawn? 1850F. W. Newman Phases Faith 210 Many biographies overdraw the virtue of their subject. 1912Chambers's Jrnl. June 359/1 Perhaps it will be said that the above statements are over⁓drawn.
7. intr. In card-games: to exceed the maximum permissible score by drawing too many cards. Also refl.
c1805Jane Austen Watsons in J. E. Austen Leigh Mem. J. Austen (1871) 358 Vingt-un is the game at Osborne Castle... Lord Osborne enjoys it famously... I wish you could see him over-draw himself on both his own cards. c1863T. Taylor in M. R. Booth Eng. Plays of 19th Cent. (1969) II. 150 (Draws card.) Thirty-four—overdrawn—confound it! Now let's see your hand. 1950Hoyle's Games Modernized (ed. 20) 158 Many players habitually stand at fifteen, and if the dealer is a reckless player, with a tendency to overdraw, it may be good policy to stand upon an even smaller figure.
Hence overˈdrawer, one who overdraws a bank account, or has an overdraft; ˌoverˈdrawing vbl. n.; ˈoverˈdrawn (stress var.) ppl. a., that has been overdrawn; spec. (of tea) infused too long.
1413Pilgr. Sowle (Caxton) i. iv. (1859) 5 Smertely was my syght derkyd by ouer drawynge of a grete corteyne. 1463Mann. & Househ. Exp. (Roxb.) 235 Payd for pesynge off bowys and ovyrdrawynge off bowis. 1846Mrs. Gore Sk. Eng. Char. (1852) 134 On the first overdrawing of his account. 1847A. Brontë Agnes Grey xii. 189 Other thoughts assisted to..impart a relish to the cup of cold, overdrawn tea. 1866Crump Banking iii. 76 With overdrawn accounts only the sum required is drawn, and on that alone interest is charged. 1883Schaff Hist. Church I. iv. 268 The dramatic account of James by Hegesippus is an over⁓drawn picture. 1906W. De Morgan Joseph Vance xxxvii. 378 Among the overdrawers, C. Vance & Co. was a conspicuous instance, figuring for a good round sum among the Debtors. 1969V. C. Clinton-Baddeley Only Matter of Time 94 Cigarettes and cups of overdrawn tea. |
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