| 单词 |
phocomelia |
| 释义 |
phocomelia Med.|fəʊkəʊˈmiːlɪə|
Also phokomelia.
[mod.L., f. Gr. ϕώκ-η seal + -o + µέλ-ος a limb + -ia1.]
A congenital defect of the limbs (see quot. 1892).
1892F. P. Foster Med. Dict. IV. 2567/2 Phocomelia, a monstrosity in which one or both of the hands or feet, or all four of those members, or rudimentary semblances of them, are attached to the trunk like flippers, with little or no intervening structures. 1932H. Cummins in Practitioners Libr. Med. & Surg. I. i. 20 In phocomelia the extremity is abbreviated, through reduction or absence of the proximal and intermediate segments, the hands and feet approaching normal. 1947Arch. Path. XLIV. 521 The majority of the homozygous Creeper embryos die on the fourth day... Those which survive have phokomelia. 1968Brit. Med. Bull. XXIV. 207/1 The demonstration of an association between phocomelia and thalidomide. 1974Jrnl. Embryol. & Exper. Morphol. XXXI. 732 Embryos showing almost the complete absence of humerus, radius, and ulna, described previously as phocomelia. 1978Sci. Amer. Oct. 130/3 The drug thalidomide could cause phocomelia..in a fetus when it was taken by a pregnant woman.
Hence phocoˈmelic a., exhibiting or characteristic of phocomelia; also ellipt. as n.
1942Jrnl. Exper. Zool. LXXXIX. 104 These transplants differentiated into ‘phocomelic’ limbs. 1947Arch. Path. XLIV. 521 In eyes of homozygous Creeper embryos transplanted to the flanks of normal embryos colobomas develop similar to those of phokomelic embryos. 1959Jrnl. Exper. Zool. CXLII. 635 The lethal period of phocomelics. 1962Lancet 1 Dec. 1155/2 No firm rule should guide schooling for phocomelic children. 1978Time 20 Feb. 69/3 Children who are born legless or armless, their limbs amputated by a tangled umbilical cord, are sometimes hard to tell from true phocomelics, or seal-children, with vestigial hands and feet attached directly to the torso. |
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